The Causes Of Depression Psychology Essay

The Causes Of Depression Psychology Essay The emotion of sadness is normal in response to everyday stressful or upsetting events like losing a loved one or running into financial difficulty. These feelings are usually only temporarily and should resolve once the grieving period is over or once the disturbing event has been resolved. When the feeling of sadness remains for longer than is reasonable or it starts to interfere with an individuals daily activities or personal relationships it may signal the onset of depression. The causes of depression Modern day imaging technologies like Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) have demonstrated significant differences in the anatomy of depressions patients brains compared to those of people who do not suffer from depression. The specific parts of the brain displaying these abnormalities include the mood, higher thought, sleep, appetite and behavioural centres in the brain. Unfortunately these imaging modalities do not give information on the cause of these abnormalities. One of the challenges with diagnosing and treating depression effectively is that it is caused by a combination of factors instead of just one easily identifiable factor. It has long been accepted that depression is caused by a combination of genetic, biological, environmental and psychological factors. The one common factor is that it is always linked to the brain. The genetic factor is proven by the fact that depression tends to run in families and if an individual has a close relative who suffers from depression it naturally increases that individuals risk of also developing depression. Certain genes are being studied by scientists as it is suspected that these genes combined with other factors can increase a persons risk of developing depression. Genes are suspected to be responsible for the regulation of neurotransmitters and if scientists can identify these genes they can accurately predict which patients will respond to specific anti-depressant drugs and which wont. It is however possible for people with no family history to also develop depression. The biological aspect of depression is very closely related to the genetic one, since an individuals genes will influence the biological working of his or her body. Scientists believe that depression may also be caused by an imbalance in the important neurotransmitters of the brain. This theory is difficult to prove but the effective use of serotonin re-uptake inhibitors in some patients support this theory. The important neurotransmitters that play a part in the onset and development of depression are serotonin, acetylcholine, catecholamine and corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF). Scientists believe it is as a result of the hormonal changes women are exposed to during their monthly cycle that may also influence the neurotransmitters in the brain. One example is of a recent study which exposed the link between serotonin and oestrogen. As the oestrogen levels drop after ovulation the serotonin levels in a womans brain also drops causing her to feel anxious or depressed. In the same way the rapid hormonal changes after giving birth is believed to be one of the mayor factors leading to postpartum depression. Unfortunately menopausal women are not spared as they too are exposed to changing hormonal patterns during this stage of their lives. Environmental factors that may trigger depression include the loss of a loved one, divorce, losing a job or failing at an important task. Short term sadness is a normal response to these triggers and should not be confused with depression that is a more severe, debilitating mental illness. People differ in how they deal with everyday troubles and this can be traced back to the psychological make-up of each individual. When faced with a stressful situation people can revert to coping mechanisms, some of which they may have learned from childhood. Where one individual may rely on alcohol to ease their psychological pain another may rely on comfort eating or cigarettes. Unfortunately these coping mechanisms can either trigger the onset of depression or worsen already existing depression. Alcohol and drug abuse are often seen in men, more than in women, but both these coping mechanisms can cause and worsen depression. Another example is an individual who suffers from insomnia, also a psychological response, which can lead to depression. Some psychological disorders like anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, panic disorder, social phobia and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) can co-exist with depression. It is also possible for depression to develop as a result of these disorders. Diseases like cancer, heart disease, stroke, diabetes and Parkinsons disease can cause depression. The depression symptoms can be worsened by the presence of the disease and the disease symptoms can be worsened by the presence of depression. In these instances treating the depression can alleviate the symptoms associated with the disease. Risk factors for depression Depression is a severe mental illness which can afflict anyone, even children, at any stage of their life. There are however prevalent risk factors associated with depression. These risk factors include: People who are aged 49 54. Being of the female gender Living in poverty Alcohol or drug abuse Serious illness Age associated with depression The median age at which depression occurs for the first time may be 32, but the highest depression rates are seen among people aged 49 to 54. One of the reasons may be due to hormonal fluctuations in women caused by menopause. Another important reason may be due to the development of serious illnesses associated with this age group. Diseases that may develop during at this life stage include heart disease and cancer. Financial tension related to specifically retirement goals may be another factor that can influence the onset of depression. Gender associated with depression The relationship between the hormonal changes in a womans body and the occurrence of depression has already been discussed. Apart from these hormonal changes women are exposed to more sociocultural stressors as they have to fulfil multiple roles like earning an income, raising children, and running a household. It is also estimated that many women have suffered from a history of sexual abuse further increasing their risk for developing depression. Poverty associated with depression People who live in poverty struggle to make ends meet causing them to be in a continuous stressful state, feeling overwhelmed and incapable of taking control over their own lives. Loss of control, like that seen in poverty and at the onset of a serious illness, is a major contributing factor in the development of depression. Alcohol or drug abuse Although alcohol abuse is seen in women and men alike, it tends to be more prevalent amongst members of the male gender. Men tend to be less emotionally open and willing to discuss their problems rather turning to alcohol or drug abuse. The sedative effect that these substances have can make it harder for an individual to accept responsibility for their own lives or the lives of their families. In turn this may lead to feelings of inadequacy and consequently depression. Serious illness Diseases like cancer, heart disease, stroke, diabetes and Parkinsons disease can cause an individual to feel like they have lost control over their own lives. When an individual becomes dependant on home care or the care of family members feeling like they are a burden to others combined with the financial burden of a serious disease can worsen their depression.

Ginger as hair loss treatment Essay

Doctors mostly recommended that Good circulation is the key to healthy hair since ginger for hair loss activates nutrients circulating the body to reach the hair follicles. Twenty years ago people were wrongly being advised to stand on their head so that a topsy-turvy stance would raise the blood flow to the scalp. However, the fact is far from those ‘blurred’ beliefs and if you try it, you will be under a serious headache.However,you should try the natural ginger for hair loss. Recent studies show that almost 94% of the world’s population has no concept on the power of ginger for hair loss but they only have a clue in its use as a spice ingredient. Among these people only a few have a concept that ginger is used for ailment treatment but don’t have a clue on the use of ginger for hair loss treatments. If you are under this category,don’t worry you’ll discover one of the ‘top secrets’ of ginger right now! Ginger is popular in traditional Chinese medicine and in homeopathy and due to its anti-inflammatory and circulatory properties; it alone has a natural stimulating property that makes ginger for hair loss the best solution for hair treatments. From the view of hair growth elements, ginger has natural property which makes the hair grow mainly on its laxative, tonic antiseptic and anti-inflammatory attributes. Even though there are hundreds of Herbal supplements for hair treatments, no herb can effectively treat a head without hair except Ginger. Prior to ginger for hair loss treatment, be aware that using ginger juice on a regularly basis may lighten your hair slightly and tend to darken your hair a bit if you use it with sesame oil. Other than that nothing serious happens. So let’s come to the main point. Ginger improves the rate of Scalp blood circulation. The rise of blood flow to the scalp boosts hair growth rate to the peak point. This is due to the fact that blood actively flows to the scalp and provides nutrients to the hair follicle that is responsible for hair growth and adequate supply of oxygen to the follicles. You can prepare ginger for hair loss treatment by slicing ginger root and add it to brandy. Massage the scalp with the mixture to promote hair growth. You should use this mixture two or three times weekly to see new hair growth within a few weeks’ time. If you don’t see any results, you shouldn’t stop using ginger for hair loss treatment since each case is different for every individual so that you’ll definitely see progressive results ahead. Note that you should refrigerate any leftovers for your next treatment. Due to ginger’s potency loss after few days, always juice and use up what you need. As a reminder, don’t leave the ginger mix for a long period of time. Ginger is also used against hair thinning premature grey hair and Dandruff since ginger root contains essential fatty acids that helps to re-grow your hair to the old times and fights most plaguing scalp disorders facing individuals today. You should note that direct rubbing ginger on your head is not recommended and not applicable since male hair loss is caused by the effects of a chemical by-product produced by your body known as DHT. This DHT rate cannot be minimized by direct dubbing rather it needs a series of steps for the preparation of ginger root. To prepare this ginger for hair loss treatment, start grating a ginger root by evenly mixing it with sesame, olive or jojoba oil. Note that you shouldn’t use directly after you mix but wait for at least 10 minutes. After that, add lemon juice to the mixture and mix it thoroughly. Then rub the mixture on your scalp and smoothly massage in a circular move and leave it on for 30-35 minutes. After half an hour, rinse off using h air soup or shampoo your hair. You can also prepare ginger for hair loss juice by mixing six ounces of ginger root with 1/4 cup of water. After you successfully blend the mix, strain it by squeezing it through the cloth into a bowl. Then separate the pulp from the juice and smoothly massage the ginger juice into your scalp in a circular movement and then pat the pulp atop the treated area. Finally leave it on for 10-15 minutes before washing your head so that you make ginger for hair loss treatment successfully.

Finding Best Narrative Essay Topics

Finding Best Narrative Essay Topics For instance, if you're writing an essay about your very first year in college, don't start to your very first day in college which is too obvious. It's possible that you could receive a narrative essay for a task if you're a student in high school. At the close of the day, the essay topics you pick can make a big influence on your final grade. If you're in college you're in for both big and smaller surprises. Vital Pieces of Best Narrative Essay Topics For writing a terrific narrative essay, picking an intriguing topic is the very first step to begin with. It's difficult to pick just 1 topic whenever there are so many you could write about. Whether you are searching for good narrative essay topics or aren't certain how to decide on the most appropriate one from the list of good descriptive essay topics, make sure to assess our topics' selection as we guarantee you will definitely find something to meet your requirements. Very good essays don't have bad topics. More important is to opt for an essay topic that you'll be interested in writing with passion. Selecting a superb topic is step one in writing an essay. Best Narrative Essay Topics - Dead or Alive? When you're penning a narrative essay, you not just want to tell a great story. You might become stuck on the ideal idea for a narrative. At length, a narrative isn't only a very simple story. Well-written narratives figure out ways to involve the reader rather than simply retelling the events. Morality Essay Topics Morality is a topic that's near and dear to lots of individuals. Narratives are directed at telling about yourself. For instance, an essay on the very first topic can tell your private story. however, it may also be based on your imagination. In addition, do not rush to compose your creative stories just because it is a narrative essay on friendship. By looking at great sample descriptive paragraphs, you will have the abili ty to receive a concept of what a great essay resembles. An essay was defined in a number of means. Narrative essays serve wide array of purposes. Whether you need to make an essay on the newest scientific findings in your area of study or over your interpretation of a bit of classic literature, you must have the proper facts and data and the ability to write content that engages and commands attention. Descriptive essay samples can help you with writing a description of sensory details which are an essential portion of descriptive writing. Sharing your experience with the readers is a fantastic way to supply them with some helpful details. There are respective lists having the most well-known topics for writing all around the web. Likely to do your very best work when you take pleasure in the topic and what it is that you're writing. Top Choices of Best Narrative Essay Topics Narrative essays don't have such arguments. They are often the norm in academia. If that's the case, then you ought to attempt writing narrative essays. Regardless of the very first impression, a narrative essay isn't the simplest of all assignments. The Importance of Best Narrative Essay Topics Among the assorted genres of essays, narrative essays could be the simplest to write since they don't require any research and derive from our very own personal ideas and experiences. Our writers try their very best to think of interesting suggestions and share them with you. Stories about traveling have an outstanding potential. You're able to even find funny narrative essay topics like embarrassing and humorous experiences in your life, to one of the greatest comedies you have at any time seen. The Foolproof Best Narrative Essay Topics Strategy Examine the source in which you have located the sample. Keep a steady stream of details coming from 1 paragraph to the next, which makes it simple for the reader to stay informed about the events in the order they happened. The d uration of your story is contingent on the requirements and instructions of the assignment. As a consequence the collection of topic doesn't matter as the writer need to remember that everything is under his control in a narrative essay. What Needs to be Done About Best Narrative Essay Topics Before You Miss Your Chance The significance of the narrative essay topics for college students cannot be stressed enough. They should know how to avoid such problem. The essays are an excellent opportunity to raise your grade scores without focusing on persuasive writing. A narrative essay is regarded to be among the most popular forms of tasks that students get all too often. Essays are available in many forms. In addition, you may also take a look at our Argumentative Essay templates. Completing a paper may be a time-consuming procedure. Composing an excellent narrative paper starts with finding an intriguing topic. What to Expect From Best Narrative Essay Topics? You can proceed and ask somebody else to go through your essay so that you receive an original look at it. The question you've got about the working of the planet. You should however look at what sort of point you wish to drive home and what sort of impact you're seeking to make with your essay. The moment once you realized that your very best friend wasn't your very best friend which they had been lying to you all along. The very first point to do is to produce an outline of the topic you opt for. When you're selecting an experience which you can write about, don't forget that even the compact incidences of your life may be very good essay topic. The secret is picking a topic which you are passionate about.

The Most Educated Group in the U.S. Black Women

American women have had to fight for their right to an education. Well into the twentieth century, women were discouraged from pursuing higher education, as it was popular notion that too much education would make a woman unfit for marriage. Woman of color and poor women also experienced other structural impediments to their education for much of the nation’s history that made it less likely for them to pursue an education. However, times have certainly changed. In fact, since 1981, more women than men have been earning college degrees. Furthermore, these days, women outnumber men on many college campuses, making up 57 percent of college students. As a college professor at a large, land-grant university, I notice that I often have many more women than men in my courses. In many disciplines, though certainly not all, gone are the days were women were numbered few and far between. Women are unabashedly seeking educational opportunities and charting new territories. Things have also changed for women of color, particularly those from historically underrepresented minorities. As legalized discrimination has given way to more opportunities, women of color have become more educated. While there is certainly room for improvement, Black, Latina, and Native American women are continuing to matriculate onto college campuses in increasingly larger numbers.   Indeed, some studies show that Black Women are the most educated group in the U.S. But what does this mean for their opportunities, wages, and quality of life? The Numbers Despite stereotypes that call African Americans lazy or stupid, Blacks in the United States are among those most likely to earn a postsecondary degree. For example, The National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) reports that from academic years 1999–2000 to 2009–10 the number of bachelors degrees awarded to Black students increased by 53 percent and the number of associate degrees earned by Black students increased by 89 percent. Blacks are making headway in graduate education as well, with, for example, the numbers of master’s degrees earned by Black students more than doubling from 1999–2000 to 2009–10 increasing by a whopping 125 percent. These numbers are certainly impressive, and belie the notions that Black people are anti-intellectual and uninterested in school. However, when we take a closer look at race and gender, the picture is even more striking. The claim that Black women are the most educated bloc of Americans comes from a 2014 study that cites the percentage of Black women enrolled in college in relation to their other race-gender groups. However, considering enrollment alone gives an incomplete picture. Black women are also starting to outpace other groups in earning degrees. For example, although Black women only make up 12.7 percent of the female population in the country, they consistently make up over 50 percent—and sometimes much more—of the number of Blacks who receive postsecondary degrees. Percentage-wise, Black women outpace white women, Latinas, Asian/Pacific Islanders, and Native Americans in this arena as well. Yet despite the fact that Black women are enrolled in and graduating from school in the highest percentages across racial and gender lines, negative depictions of Black women abound in popular media and even in science. In 2013 Essence magazine reported that negative imagery of black women appears twice as often as positive depictions. Images of the â€Å"welfare queen† â€Å"baby mama† and â€Å"angry Black woman,† among other images, shame working class Black women’s struggles and reduce Black women’s complex humanity. These depictions are not just hurtful, they have an impact on Black women’s lives and opportunities.    Education and Opportunities High enrollment numbers are indeed impressive; however, despite being termed as the most educated group of people in the United States, Black women still make far less money than their white counterparts. Take for instance, Black Women’s Equal Pay Day. While Equal Pay Day—the day in the year that represents at which point the average woman makes as much as the average man—is in April, it takes Black women four more months to catch up. Black women were paid just 63 percent of what non-Hispanic white men were paid in 2014, which means it takes the typical Black woman nearly seven extra months to be paid what the average white man took home back on December 31. (The figures are even worse for Native women and Latinas, who have to wait until September and November, respectively). Bottom line, on average, Black women earn $19,399 less than white men every year.    There are many structural reasons why Black women, despite this impressive increase in education, are currently seeing very little fruits of their labor. For one, Black women are  more likely than other groups of women nationally to work in the lowest-paying occupations  (e.g. sectors such as the service industry, health care, and education) and are less likely to work in the higher-paying  fields such as engineering or to hold managerial positions. Furthermore, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that the number of Black women employed as full-time  minimum-wage workers  is higher than that of any other racial group. This makes the current Fight for Fifteen Campaign, which is agitating for an increased minimum wage, and other   labor fights very important. A troubling fact about wage disparities is that they are true across a range of occupations. Black women working in customer service make 79 ¢ for every dollar paid to their white, non-Hispanic male counterparts. Yet even Black women who are highly educated, such as those working as physicians and surgeons  make just  52 ¢Ã‚  for every dollar paid to their white, non-Hispanic male counterparts. This disparity is striking and speaks to the pervasive inequity that Black women face whether they are employed in low paying or high paying fields. Hostile work environments and discriminatory practices also affect Black women’s work life. Take the story of Cheryl Hughes. An electrical engineer by training, Hughes discovered that despite her education, years of experience, and training, she was being underpaid: â€Å"While working there, I befriended a white male engineer. He had asked the salaries of our white co-workers. In 1996, he asked my salary; I replied, ‘$44,423.22.’ He told me that I, an African American woman, was being discriminated against. The next day, he gave me pamphlets from  the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. Despite learning that I was underpaid, I worked diligently to improve my skills. My performance evaluations were good. When a young white woman was hired at my firm, my friend told me that she earned $2,000 more than I did. At this time, I had a master’s degree in electrical engineering and three years of electrical engineering experience. This young woman had one year of co-op experience and a bachelor’s degree in engineering.† Hughes asked for redress and spoke out against this unequal treatment, even suing her former employer. In response, she was fired and her cases were dismissed: â€Å"For 16 years after that I worked as an engineer receiving taxable income of $767,710.27. From the day I began working as an engineer through retirement, my losses would be in excess of $1 million in earnings.   Some would have you believe that women earn less because of career choices, not negotiating their salaries, and leaving the industry to have children. I chose a lucrative field of study, tried to negotiate my salary without success, and stayed in the workforce with children.† Quality of Life Black women are going to school, graduating, and trying to break the proverbial glass ceiling. So, how do they fare in life overall? Unfortunately, despite the encouraging numbers around education, Black women’s quality of life looks downright dismal when you take a look at health statistics. For example, high blood pressure is found among African American women than any other group of women: 46 percent of African American women 20 years of age and older have hypertension, while only 31 percent of white women and 29 percent of Hispanic women in the same age range do. Put another way: almost half of all adult Black women suffer from hypertension. Could these negative health outcomes be explained away by poor personal choices? Perhaps for some, but because of the pervasiveness of these reports, it clear that Black women’s quality life is shaped not only by personal choice but also by a whole host of socioeconomic factors. As the African American Policy Institute reports: â€Å"The stress of anti-Black racism and sexism, coupled with the stress of serving as the primary caretakers of their communities, can take a toll on Black women’s health, even if they have the economic privilege to send their children to good schools, live in a wealthy neighborhood and have a high-level career. In fact, well-educated Black women have worse birth outcomes than white women who haven’t finished high school. Black women are also disproportionately subject to various factors--from poor-quality environments in impoverished neighborhoods, to food deserts to a lack of access to healthcare --that make them more likely to contra ct life-threatening diseases, from HIV to cancer.† How could work be connected to these outcomes? Considering the prevalence of low paying work across occupations and racist and sexist work environments, it is unsurprising that Black women suffer from health-related disparities.