The Visual Art Of The Twentieth Century - 2096 Words

Introduction The visual art of the twentieth century, known as modernism, was often thought of as being in a state of uncertainty or crisis. According to Robert Hughes, the key word for this new century was â€Å"modernity† meaning to believe in technology and not craft , as machines with their â€Å"fast, metallic, elastic [and] warm† appearances were new and fascinating to people at this time. The causes of the major turning point within the visual arts at this time was due to changes such as the invention and mass production of new technology and its influence on people. As well as the impact of war, the discovery of new information and the development of various concepts such as the possibility of a fourth dimension, as well as the exploration of the conscious and unconscious mind also influenced modern art. The art movements that resulted from this period in which times were changing rapidly included Futurism, a movement that embraced machinery and praised war, Cubism, which aimed to display a variety of possible viewpoints of an object or figure, Dada, an anti-war movement created amid World War I, with the aesthetics of the artwork considered secondary to the ideas conveyed, and Surrealism, described as an â€Å"impatient interrogation of reality† which aimed to recognise desire. Various artists from various art movements demonstrated elements of this perceived crisis within their works in order to question the world and challenge society in different ways. Futurism FuturismShow MoreRelatedPostmodernism : Modernism And Postmodernism1549 Words   |  7 Pagesof cultural consciousness, which is implemented in the artistic practice of symbolism, expressionism and acmeism. In the socio-historical context, it means the period of modernism in the development of culture from the late nineteenth to mid-twentieth century, that is, from Impressionism to a new novel and the theatre of the absurd. Modernism as a world based on the principles of urbanism (the cult of the city), technologism (the cult of the industry), primitivism (the cult of the underdeveloped roleRead MoreEssay about Interwar Avant-Garde Artwork And Its Community Impact852 Words   |  4 PagesThe â€Å"art and life† aspects of the interwar avant-garde are an advanced socially trivial form of art which to a bigger extent is symbolic of the visual setting of the human community. It is the art of expressionism in any artistic work which greatly influence its adaptation by the target audience. It has been evidently claimed that most artistic works of the early twentieth century have had a number of varied themes all encompassing the political environment of the time. The interwar avant-garde isRead MoreThe Beginning Of The Twentieth Century1482 Words   |  6 PagesThe beginning of the twentieth century marked a significant event not just in the changes of ideology, technology, but also the way artists approach art. Communism and Fascism were on the rise and technological advances held strong since the industrial revolution. However, â€Å"The need for a wholesale new approach to art in the nineteenth century arose as the traditional forms of art were borne down on by new conditions and experiences.† (21) became apparent. To satisfy this need artists took many differentRead MoreThe Role Of Visual Arts For Stage Interventions Into The Representation Of The Female Self722 Words   |  3 Pagesmirror in visual art, with particular reference to the portray al of women.†¨By drawing from the field of art and literature featuring the mirror and reflection, I will be looking at how the work of contemporary women artists and photographers challenged traditional attitudes and practices. This dissertation will be about women who use visual arts to stage interventions into the representation of the ‘female self’.†¨The female body and mirror have repeatedly featured in visual art over the centuries. It isRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1651 Words   |  7 Pagesmovement in European and American art, literature, and culture. It started from wide scale and far reaching transformations in Western society in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. World War 1 is often seen as a starting event of Modernism. The devastation of Western Civilization in the great war accelerated and strengthened Modernist thinking. Modernism was the most influential literary movement in England and America during the first half of the twentieth century. It had works such as The WasteRead MoreThe Bauhaus : Art Education By Influencing Graphic, Interior, And Typography Design1096 Words   |  5 PagesThe Bauhaus affected art education by influencing graphic, interior, and typography design. It is said that it inspired the rise of many other art schools. In this paper there will be specific information discussed to help each reader in understanding the history of the Bauhaus. Let’s start with a little bit of the back-story of the Bauhaus and its founder Walter Gropius. In 1919 the Bauhaus, a German word meaning house of building, was a school founded in Weimar, Germany by architect WalterRead MoreThe New Negro Of The Harlem Renaissance879 Words   |  4 PagesThe New Negro Movement, also known as The Harlem Renaissance, was a time in the early twentieth century where African Americans embraced literatur e, music, theatre, and visual arts (Alchin). They were inspired and gave inspiration to many blacks in the community. The Great Migration was the beginning of the Harlem Renaissance – it is, where it began the most significant movement in the black history. After World War I, â€Å"more than six million African Americans† traveled from â€Å"the rural South to theRead MoreThe Diversity Of Art Development1689 Words   |  7 PagesThe Diversity of Art Development: An Analysis of WWI’s Contribution â€Å"World War I was not inevitable, as many historians say. It could have been avoided, and it was a diplomatically botched negotiation,† once said Richard Holbrooke, an American diplomat. Many people worldwide agree with Mr. Holbrooke, believing WWI to be a waste of human lives. Known for its ridiculous start fueled by the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand, its huge impact on numerous countries earned it the title of the Great WarRead More Appropriation of Images in Art Essay717 Words   |  3 Pages The appropriation of images in art is a phenomenon new to the twentieth century. Found objects, contemporary images, and images from the past are all appropriated by artists and used in their work. Three twentieth century artists, Marcel Duchamp, Andy Warhol and Robert Rauschenburg are all very influential and appropriators. Although these artists appropriated many different images for many different reasons there is one image that they all have in common, the Mona Lisa. Each of these artistsRead MoreWorld War I Was Not Inevitable1681 Words   |  7 Pages such as its art. Not only were new movements created, but also new styles of existing forms of art resulted from the war. Because of the different ways that art developed both on and off of the battlefield during the Great War, WWI is one of the most influential wars on the development of art in the twentieth century. Art in World War I was observed in many forms, from photography to art movements on the home fronts of many countries. What many people did not realize is that art was also used

The Last Dance Chapter One Free Essays

It is Palmer who makes the first contact, toward the end of September. He tells Cynthia on the telephone that he’s had a transatlantic call from Norman Zimmer, who’s producing a musical based on Jenny’s Room, is she familiar with . . We will write a custom essay sample on The Last Dance Chapter One or any similar topic only for you Order Now . ? â€Å"Yes, he’s been in touch,† Cynthia says. â€Å"I hate to bother you this way,† he says, â€Å"but from what I understand, the project may be stalled because of your father’s intransigence.† â€Å"Yes, I know.† â€Å"It does seem a shame, doesn’t it?† he says. â€Å"All these people who’d stand to earn a little money.† â€Å"I know,† Cynthia says. â€Å"Couldn’t you talk with him?† â€Å"I have,† she says. â€Å"He won’t budge.† â€Å"It does seem a pity.† â€Å"He’s protecting Jessica, you see.† â€Å"Who’s that?† â€Å"Jessica Miles. The woman who wrote the original play. He feels she wouldn’t have wanted the musical done again.† â€Å"Really? Why’s that?† 263 I3d McBain â€Å"Because it was so awful.† â€Å"Oh, I don’t think so, do youl I’ve read my grandfather’s book, and I’ve also heard the songs. It’s really quite good, you know. Besides, they’re having new songs written, and a new book, and—well, it’s truly a shame. Because I think it has a really good shot, you know. I think we can all become quite rich, actually. If it’s done.† There is a crackling on the line. She tries to visualize London. She has never been there. She imagines chimney pots and cobblestoned streets. She imagines men with soot-stained collars and women in long hour-glass gowns. She imagines Big Ben chiming the hour, regattas on the Thames. She imagines all these things. And imagines going there one day. â€Å"Couldn’t you please talk with him again?† Palmer says. It is she who makes the next call, sometime early in October. He has just come home from work, it is seven o’clock there in London, only two in the afternoon here in America. He tells her he works for â€Å"the last of the publishers in Bedford Square,† a line she surmises he has used often before. In fact, there is something about the way he speaks that makes everything sound studied and prepared, as if he has learned a part and is merely acting it. A lack of spontaneity, she supposes, something that makes whatever he says seem artificial and rehearsed, as if there is nothing of substance behind the words. â€Å"Have you seen him again?† he asks. â€Å"Several times,† she says. â€Å"And?† â€Å"Dead end.† â€Å"Mmm.† â€Å"He won’t listen to reason. He says the play is a sacred trust. . .† â€Å"Nonsense.† â€Å"It’s what he believes.† 264 The Last Dance â€Å"She must have written it in the year dot.† â€Å"Nineteen twenty-three.† â€Å"Norman tells me it’s bloody awful.† â€Å"My father thinks it’s simply wonderful.† â€Å"Well, as the old maid said when she kissed the cow . . .† â€Å"It’s a shame this had to come along just now, though. The opportunity, I mean. To have the musical revived.† â€Å"How do you mean?† â€Å"Well †¦ ten years from now would have been so much better.† â€Å"I don’t under . . .† â€Å"Never mind, I shouldn’t have said that.† â€Å"I’m sorry, I still don’t . . .† â€Å"It’s just . . . my father isn’t in the best of health, you see.† â€Å"That’s too bad.† â€Å"And 7 certainly don’t have the same problems he has.† â€Å"Problems? What . . . ?† â€Å"With the play. With it being done as a musical. I have no emotional ties to Jessica Miles, you see. I never even met the woman. What I’m saying is I don’t give a damn about her play. In fact, I’d love to see the musical revived.† â€Å"But what’s ten years from now got to †¦ ?† â€Å"My father’s leaving the rights to me.† â€Å"Oh?† â€Å"To her play. When he dies. It’s in his will.† â€Å"I see.† â€Å"Yes.† There was a long silence. â€Å"But† she said. â€Å"It isn’t ten years from now, is it?† â€Å"No, it isn’t,† Palmer says. 265 Ed McBain â€Å"It’s now,† she says. â€Å"Yes,† he says. â€Å"So it is.† He calls her again on the eighteenth of October. It is midnight here in America, he tells her it’s five a.m. there in London, but he hasn’t been able to sleep. â€Å"I’ve been thinking a lot about your father,† he says. â€Å"Me, too,† she says. â€Å"It seems such a pity he won’t let go of those rights, doesn’t it? Forgive me, but have you made your position absolutely clear to him? Have you told him your feelings about having this musical done?† â€Å"Oh, yes, a thousand times.† â€Å"I mean †¦ he must realize, don’t you imagine, that the moment he’s passed on †¦ forgive me †¦ you’ll do bloody well what you like with the play. Doesn’t he realize that?† â€Å"I’m sure he does.† â€Å"It does seem unfair, doesn’t it?† â€Å"It does.† â€Å"Especially since he’s in bad health.† â€Å"Two heart attacks.† â€Å"You’d think he’d hand over the play immediately, why wouldn’t he? With his blessings. Here you are, Cynthia, do with it as you wish.† â€Å"His only child,† Cynthia said. â€Å"One would think so.† â€Å"But he won’t.† â€Å"Well, when they get to be a certain age . . .† â€Å"It isn’t that. He’s just a stubborn old fool. Sometimes I wish . . .† She lets the sentence trail. He waits. â€Å"Sometimes I wish he’d die tomorrow,† she says. There is another silence. â€Å"I’m sure you don’t mean that,† he says. 266 The Last Dance â€Å"I suppose not.† â€Å"I’m sure you don’t.† â€Å"But I do,† she says. There is a Jamaican named Charles Colworthy who works in the mail room with Palmer, and he knows another Jamaican named Delroy Lewis, who knows yet another Jamaican named John Bridges, who by all accounts is what they call a â€Å"Yardie,† which Palmer explains is British slang for any young Jamaican male involved in violence and drugs. â€Å"I wouldn’t want him hurt,† Cynthia says at once. â€Å"Of course not.† â€Å"You said violence.† â€Å"He’s assured me it will be painless.† â€Å"You’ve met him?† â€Å"Several times.† â€Å"What’s his name?† â€Å"John Bridges. He’s quite ready to do it for us. If you still want to go ahead with it.† â€Å"I’ve given it a lot of thought.† â€Å"So have I.† â€Å"It does seem the right thing, doesn’t it, Gerry?† â€Å"Yes.† There is a long silence. It all seems to be happening too quickly. â€Å"When . . . when would he do it?† â€Å"Sometime before the end of the month. He’ll need an introduction. You’d have to arrange that.† â€Å"An introduction?† â€Å"To your father.† â€Å"Is he black?† â€Å"Yes. But very light skinned.† â€Å"I don’t know any black people, you see.† â€Å"Very pale eyes,† Palmer says. â€Å"A lovely smile. 267 Ed McBain All you need do is introduce him. He’ll take care of the rest.† â€Å"It’s just that I don’t know any black people.† â€Å"Well . . .† â€Å"I wouldn’t know what to say.† â€Å"Just say he’s a friend of yours from London.† â€Å"I’ve never been to London.† â€Å"A friend of a friend, you could say. Who’ll be there for a few days. Who you wanted your father to meet. Is what you could say.† â€Å"Why would anyone want to meet my father?† â€Å"You could say he once worked in a hospital here. Just as your father did. That would give them something in common. I’ll give you the name of a hospital here in London.† â€Å"I’ve never introduced my father to anyone in my life.† â€Å"It would just be to put him off guard.† â€Å"He’d be suspicious.† â€Å"Just someone you’d like him to meet. A nurse. Just as your father was.† â€Å"He won’t hurt him, will he?† â€Å"No, no, you needn’t worry.† â€Å"When did you say it would be?† â€Å"Well, he’ll come as soon as we authorize it. He’ll want half of his fee beforehand, half after it’s done.† â€Å"How much did he say?† â€Å"Five thousand.† â€Å"Is that a lot?† â€Å"I think it’s reasonable. Dollars, that is. Not pounds.† â€Å"I wouldn’t want him hurt,† she says again. â€Å"No, he won’t be.† â€Å"Well.† â€Å"But I have to let him know.† â€Å"What do you think we should do?† â€Å"I think we should go ahead with it. Twenty-five 268 The Last Dance hundred dollars is a lot of money to me, but I look upon this as a serious investment. . .† â€Å"Yes.† â€Å". . . an opportunity to advance myself. I can’t speak for you, of course . . . but. . .I’ve never really had very much in my life, Cynthia. I work in the post room, I don’t get invited to very many balls at Windsor. If this show is a hit, everything would change for me. My life would become . . . well . . . glamorous.† â€Å"Yes,† she said. â€Å"I think we should do it,† he said. â€Å"I truly do.† â€Å"Well then . . .† â€Å"What I’ll do, if you agree, I’ll give John my half of the fee just before he leaves London, and you can pay him the rest when he’s done it. There in America. Afterward. Would you be happy with that?† â€Å"I guess so.† â€Å"Shall I call him then?† â€Å"Well . . .† â€Å"Tell him we’re going ahead with it?† â€Å"Yes.† Now, sitting in the lieutenant’s office with her lawyer and the detectives, she lowers her eyes and says, â€Å"John was very charming. He and my father hit it off right away. But he caused me a lot of trouble later. Because he said it would look like an accident, and it didn’t.† Gerald Palmer called the British Consulate the moment the cops told him what charges they were bringing against him. The consul who came over was named Geoffrey Holden, a somewhat portly man in his mid-forties, stroking a bristly mustache that made him look like a cavalry colonel. He took off his heavy overcoat and hung it on a corner rack. Under it, he was wearing a somber gray suit with a vest and a bright yellow tie. He 269 Ed McBain told Palmer this was his first DBN of the week, which letters he jovially explained stood for Distressed British National. â€Å"Murder, eh?† he said. â€Å"Who’d you kill?† â€Å"I haven’t killed anyone† Palmer said. â€Å"Don’t be a bloody fool.† â€Å"Let me explain how American law works,† Holden said. â€Å"If you actually hired someone to kill someone else, then you’re as guilty as the person pulling the trigger. Murder for hire is first-degree murder, and the penalty is death by lethal injection. They use Valium. A massive dose that stops the heart. Conspiracy to commit murder is another A-felony. If you did either or both of these things . . .† â€Å"I didn’t.† â€Å"I was about to say you’d be in very deep trouble. If you did these things. Which you say you didn’t.† â€Å"That’s right.† â€Å"Being British is no excuse, by the way. It doesn’t entitle you to immunity.† â€Å"I don’t need immunity. I haven’t done anything.† â€Å"Well, good then. D’you know anyone named John Bridges?† â€Å"No.† â€Å"They seem to think you know him.† â€Å"I don’t.† â€Å"How about a man named Charles Colworthy?† Palmer’s eyes opened wide. â€Å"Supposed to work with you at Martins and Grenville. Good publishers, eh? D’you know him?† Palmer was thinking it over. â€Å"The way they have it,† Holden said, â€Å"Colworthy knows someone named Delroy Lewis, who put you in touch with this Bridges chap to whom you and Cynthia Keating together paid five thousand dollars to kill her father. But that isn’t so, is it?† 270 The Last Dance â€Å"Well, I know Colworthy, yes. But . . .† â€Å"Ah, you do?† â€Å"Yes. We work together in the post room. But I certainly didn’t hire . . .† â€Å"That’s good. I’ll just tell them they’ve made a mistake.† â€Å"Where’d they get those names, anyway?† â€Å"From the woman.† â€Å"What woman?† â€Å"Cynthia Keating,† Holden said, and hooked his thumbs into his vest pockets. â€Å"She’s ratted you out.† Palmer looked at him. â€Å"But if you had nothing to do with this . . .† â€Å"Just a minute. What do you mean? Just because she gave them the name of someone I work with . . .† â€Å"The other man as well. Delroy Lewis. The one leading directly to Bridges. Who killed her father.† â€Å"Well, the only one / know is Charlie. He’s the one I work with. I may have mentioned his name to her. In casual conversation. If so, she must have contacted him on her own.† â€Å"Ah,† Holden said, and nodded. â€Å"To ask if he might know anyone who’d help kill her father, is that it?† â€Å"Well, I †¦ I’m sure I don’t know what she asked him.† , â€Å"Called London to arrange his murder, is that how you see it?† â€Å"I don’t see it any way at all. I’m merely trying to explain . . .† â€Å"Yes, that you, personally, had nothing to do with this.† â€Å"Nothing whatever.† â€Å"So Mrs Keating is lying to them. Has lied to them, in fact. She’s accepted a deal, you see. They’ve dropped the conspiracy charge and lowered the murder charge to second degree. Twenty to life, with a recommendation 271 Ed McBain for parole.â€Å" Holden paused. †They might even offer you the same deal. Then again, perhaps not.† Palmer looked at him. â€Å"Because of the related murder.† Palmer kept looking at him. â€Å"They seem to think you did that one personally. The old lady. Martha Coleridge. I have no idea where she fits into the scheme of things, but apparently she was threatening a plagiarism suit. Do you know the woman I mean?† â€Å"Yes,† Palmer said. â€Å"That would constitute a second count of first-degree murder,† Holden said, and stroked his mustache. â€Å"So I doubt if they’d offer you the same deal, after all.† â€Å"I’m not looking for a deal.† â€Å"Why should you be? You haven’t done anything.† â€Å"That’s right.† â€Å"I’ll just tell them to forget it.† â€Å"Of course. They have no proof.† â€Å"Well, they have the woman’s confession. Which implicates you, of course. And our chaps may get something more from Bridges, if ever they find him. They’re looking for him now, apparently. In Euston. He lives in Euston.† Palmer fell silent again. â€Å"You won’t be granted bail, you realize,† Holden said. â€Å"You’re a foreigner implicated in murder, no one’s going to risk your running. In fact, till the dust settles one way or another, they’ll want your passport.† He sighed heavily, said, â€Å"Well, I’ll see about finding a lawyer for you,† and went to the corner where he’d hung his overcoat. Shrugging into it, buttoning it, his back to Palmer, he said, â€Å"You wouldn’t possibly have anything to †¦ offer them, would you?† â€Å"How do you mean?† Holden turned toward him. 272 The Last Dance â€Å"Well,† he said, â€Å"I must tell you, with the woman’s confession, they have more than enough for an indictment. It’ll go worse for you if they catch up with the Jamaican and flip him as well, but even so they’ve got a quite decent case.† â€Å"But I haven’t done anything.† â€Å"Right. Keep forgetting that. Sorry. Let me talk to them.† He opened the door, hesitated, turned to Palmer again, and said, â€Å"You wouldn’t know anything about this little black girl who got stabbed up in Diamondback, would you?† Palmer merely looked at him. â€Å"Althea Cleary? Because they like to tidy things up, you see. If you can tell them anything about that murder . . . they’re not trying to implicate you in it, by the way, they seem to think the Jamaican did that one all on his own. Got into some sort of argument with the girl, lost his temper. Whatever.† His voice lowered. â€Å"But if he mentioned anything about it to you . . . perhaps before he went back to London †¦ it might be worth a deal, hm?† Palmer said nothing. His voice almost a whisper, Holden said, â€Å"He’s just a Yardie, y’know.† Palme’r sat as still as a stone. â€Å"Well, I suppose not,† Holden said. It suddenly occurred to him that the man was simply very stupid. He sighed again, and went out of the room. In the squadroom, they were speculating about what might have happened to Althea Cleary. â€Å"She takes the Jamaican back to her apartment,† Parker suggested. â€Å"He drops the rope in her drink, figures he’s home free. But while he’s waiting for it to take effect, 273 Ed McBam she casually mentions she’s a working girl and this is gonna cost him two bills. He’s offended because he’s never had to pay for it in his life, male or female. So he stabs her.† â€Å"That’s possible,† Brown said, â€Å"but you’re forgetting something.† â€Å"What’s that?† â€Å"He’s gay.† â€Å"He’s bi.† â€Å"He thinks he’s bi.† â€Å"He wouldn’ta been there if he wasn’t bi,† Parker insisted. â€Å"He gets into the apartment,† Brown said, undaunted, â€Å"drops the pills, and starts moving on her. Trouble is he’s gay. She doesn’t excite him. He can’t perform. So he loses his temper and jukes her.† â€Å"Well, that’s a possibility,† Meyer said, â€Å"but something else could’ve happened, too.† â€Å"What’s that?† â€Å"Bridges drops the pills, right? Five minutes or so, the girl starts feeling funny. She accuses him of having put something in her drink. He panics, grabs a knife from the counter, lets her have it.† â€Å"Yeah, maybe,† Kling said, â€Å"but here’s what / think happened. He gets in the apartment . . .† â€Å"Who’s for pizza?† Parker asked. â€Å"They profile a Yardie as someone who enters the country carrying a forged or stolen British passport,† Carella said. â€Å"Usually—but not necessarily—he’s a black man from Jamaica, somewhere between the ages of eighteen and thirty-five. He’s either got a record already . . .† â€Å"Does Bridges have one?† Byrnes asked. â€Å"Nobody by that name in their files. They said he may be a new kid on the block, there’s a constant flow. Most of 274 The Last Dance them are in the drug trade. Getting rope would’ve been a walk in the park for him.† â€Å"Is he wanted for anything?† â€Å"Not by the Brits. Not so far, anyway.† â€Å"Give him time,† Byrnes said. â€Å"Meanwhile, he’s running around London someplace.† â€Å"Or Manchester.† â€Å"Or wherever. Actually, we don’t need him, Pete. Nellie says the overt act is enough.† â€Å"Conspiracy and the overt act, yes.† â€Å"Which she’s already got.† â€Å"So let the Queen’s mother worry,† Byrnes said. Ollie felt very nervous, like a teenager about to ask for a first date. He dialed the number on the card she’d given him, and let the phone ring three, four, five . . . â€Å"Hello?† â€Å"Miss Hobson?† he said. â€Å"Yes?† â€Å"This is Detective Weeks. We talked about piano lessons, do you remember?† â€Å"No. Detective whoT â€Å"Weeks. Oliver Wendell Weeks. I was investigating the murder of Althea Cleary, do you remember? Big Ollie, they sometimes call me,† he said, which was a lie. â€Å"I wanted to learn five songs, remember?† â€Å"Oh. Yes,† she said. â€Å"I still do.† â€Å"I see,† she said. â€Å"I got a list we can pick from,† he said. â€Å"Did you find him?† â€Å"Who do you mean, Miss Hobson?† â€Å"Whoever killed Althea.† â€Å"He’s in London just now. We’re leaving it to the 275 Ed McBain bobbies there, they’re supposed to be very good. When can we start, Miss Hobson?† â€Å"That depends on which songs you want to learn.† â€Å"Oh, they’re easy ones, don’t worry.† â€Å"That’s so reassuring,† she said drily. â€Å"But which ones are they exactly?† â€Å"Guess,† he said, and grinned into the mouthpiece. They had no idea they were in the middle of a race riot until it was full upon them. Until that moment, they’d been peacefully watching television and drifting off to sleep, Kling knowing he was due back in the squadroom at eight tomorrow, Sharyn knowing her day would start at about the same time in her office at 24 Rankin Plaza, neither anticipating an explosion, each surprised when it came. A panel of talking heads was offering its collective opinion on the war, the election, the wedding, the crash, the trial, the disaster, the game, the whatever because in America, it wasn’t enough merely to present the news, you then had to have half a dozen commentators parading their thoughts on what the news had just been all about. Over the background din, Kling was telling Sharyn there’d been an extraordinary number of people informing on other people in this case they’d just wrapped, a veritable chorus of rats singing to whoever would listen, when all at once a blond woman on the panel said something about the â€Å"so-called blue wall of silence,† and Sharyn said, â€Å"Shhh,† and someone else on the panel, a black man, shouted that the blue wall of silence wouldn’t be holding in the Milagros case if the victim had been white, and someone else, a white man, shouted, â€Å"This poor victim you’re talking about is a murdererl† and Kling said, â€Å"Milagros is one of the guys I mean,† and Sharyn said â€Å"Shhh† again, when all he’d 276 The Last Dance wanted to say was that Hector Milagros had been given up by Maxie Blaine who’d been given up by Betty Young in a case virtually defined by perpetual snitchery. â€Å"You don’t know whether those men who went in there were white or black!† someone on the panel shouted. â€Å"You don’t even know if they were actually copsl† someone else shouted. â€Å"They were cops and they were whitel† â€Å"I’ll bet they were,† someone else said, but the voice wasn’t coming from the television set, it was coming from the pillow next to Kling’s. He turned to look at her. The blonde on television very calmly said, â€Å"I do not believe that any police officer in this city would maintain silence in the face of such a brutal beating. The police . . .† â€Å"Oh, come off it,† Sharyn said. â€Å". . . simply don’t know who went in there, that’s all. If they knew . . .† On the television set, the black man said, â€Å"The guy who let them in knows.† â€Å"Every cop in this city knows,† Sharyn said. â€Å"I don’t,† Kling said. And now there was a veritable Babel of voices pouring from the television set in a deluge of conflicting invective that rose higher and higher in volume and passion. â€Å"Instead of maintaining their ridiculous posture of. . .† â€Å"There are black cops, too, you know. I don’t see any of them . . .† â€Å"Would you come forward if †¦ ?† â€Å"You’re asking them to be rats.† â€Å"It’s not informing if the person †¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Milagros was in custody!† â€Å"He’s a criminal!† â€Å"So are the cops who beat him up!† 277 Ed McBam â€Å"A murderer!† â€Å". . . almost killed him!† â€Å"He’s blackl† â€Å"Here we go,† Kling said. â€Å"That’s why they beat him up!† â€Å"Hang on, honey,† Sharyn said. Together, they huddled against the angry voices. At last, Kling said, â€Å"Wanna dance?† 278 About the Author Ed McBain is the only American to receive the Diamond Dagger, the British Crime Writers Association’s highest award. He also holds the Mystery Writers of America’s coveted Grand Master Award. His books have sold over one hundred million copies worldwide, ranging from his first bestselling novel, The Blackboard Jungle, to the recent bestseller Privileged Conversation, both written under his own name, Evan Hunter, which he used on his screenplay for Alfred Hitchcock’s The Birds. His most recent 87th Precinct novel was The Big Bad City. He lives in Connecticut with his wife, Dragica. 279 Copyright  © 2000 by Hui Corporation The right of Ed McBain to be identified as the Author of the Work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published in Great Britain in 2000 by Hodder and Stoughton First published in paperback in 2000 by Hodder and Stoughton A division of Hodder Headline A New English Library Paperback 10 98765432 I All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means without the prior written permission of the publisher, nor be otherwise circulated in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published and without a similar condition being imposed on the subsequent purchaser. All characters in this publication are fictitious and any resemblance to real persons, living or dead is purely coincidental. McBain, Ed, 1926 -The last dance I . 8yth Precinct (Imaginary place)-Fiction 2 . Detective and mystery stories I . Title 8i3-5’4tF] isbno 340 72806 XL Typeset by Palimpsest Book Production Limited, Polmont, Stirlingshire Printed and bound in Great Britain by Clays Ltd, St Ives pic Hodder and Stoughton A division of Hodder Headline 338 Euston Road London nwi 3BH This, yet another time, is for my wife— DRAGICA DIMITRIJEVIC-HUNTER winner of v the crime writers’association/ – cartier diamond dagger award ‘ A man with no enemies is found hanging in what appears to be a suicide. But Carella and company soon discover that, drugged and unconscious, he could not possibly have hanged himself. They are dealing with murder. The 1 investigation takes them into the politics and passions of a musical in preparation. Or rather’ two: one that happened half a century ago and one that is happening rjow †¦ ‘One oi the masters oi crime fiction.’ ? sunday telegraph – : ‘McBain is so good he ought to be arrested.’ ; publishers weekly † †¢-‘! ‘When it comes to the voices oi the city, McBaini the man with the golden ear.’ I new york times book review †¢ †¢ . ‘A virtuoso.’ Many of Ed McBain’s dazzling mysteries are New English Library paperbacks – the latest 87th Precinct stories are The Big Bad City and Nocturne. The Last Best Hope features Florida detective Matthew Hope. Have you read thern ajl? 0059†² NEW ENGLISH LIBRARY Fiction: Crime Author photograph by Dragica Dimitrijevic Cover Photographs Tony Stone Images ISBN 0-340-72806-X How to cite The Last Dance Chapter One, Essay examples

Effective Leadership in Different Waysâ€Free Samples for Students

Question: Discuss About the Effective Leadership in Different Ways? Answer: Introducation A leadership is a function and quality of a person by which a group is influenced to do work for achieving some objectives or targets. Effective leadership essential in order to inspiring the team Accounting to function in order to accomplishment of the given objectives(Yukl, 2008). Leadership adheres force which holds the group intact and develop a team spirit of togetherness. Leadership is a process of influence wherein there is influence on others when they carry out or instructions and accepts his commands, advice, guidance and direction willingly. The successful leaders are able to influence the behavior, attitude and beliefs of their followers. Leadership pattern or style depends on situation. A specific leadership style in one situation at a particular time, may not be appropriate for another situation at a different time(De Vries, 2010). Leadership is the function of encouraging or motivating people to put their best effort willfully to attain the objectives of the organization as interpreted by the leader. General George Smith Patton was a Senior official of the Army of the United States. He was in commanding position in the U.S. Seventh Army in 2nd World War and is immensely famous for his leadership of the U.S. He was one of the most successful field commanders(Brooks, 2016). His character was a complex one it was extremely ruthless, cruel sometimes and unpredictably sentimental at times. He was considered to follow a cognitive or situational leadership style. General Patton followed some particular principles which guided him in his life. Apart from being very strong and stable in physical emotional and mental conditions, he had a powerful spiritual life. Napoleon Bonaparte was the French Emperor and one of the great leaders who crossed the Alps to invade Italy and put high threat on Rome. He was an autocratic leader who would make decisions without discussing with others in his team(Freeman, 2011). This style adopted by him of leadership is mostly used across military approach where leader does not discusses and consults with his subordinates to get any help in decisions. The autocratic leaders are those who are the hard task masters and make authoritative decisions, attempt to solve problems without any discussion or solve problems, makes use of their subordinates as their utilities and then exercise control over their functional activities. The autocratic or authoritative leaders have very high inflated ego. Most of these signs are clear in Napoleon Bonaparte(Walumbwa, 2008). He never used to consult his army for any decision in battle strategies even in cases of last minute decisions. Napoleons decisions were practically oriented and sensible hence the subordinates did not raise questions. In order to get a strong army, Napoleon motivated them by giving hope that someday they would get higher positions. This way was adopted by him to recruit and motivate the team. This shows clear evidence of Napoleons following Herzbergs Hygiene Theory while motivating. As he always promised higher recognition, incentives, status and opportunity such that improvement can be attempted. According to Thomas Hobbes on Lebanthian (updated to modern English) the men are equal in faculties of the mind compared to their physical strength. Prudence is merely an experience thus people need to apply such efforts on themselves that they otherwise would have spent on themselves. The factors which may make such equality unbelievable is really the guiding wrong sense emerging from wisdom, which most men think that, they feel to possess more in common men, which is, generally more compared to anyone apart from for others that they consider worth due to their reputation or because their conformity with them. This is basic human nature which a man might admit that others can be more clever, more articulate or more knowledgeable compared to him. Then he will not easily consider others as wise as he is from his judgmental understanding. He realize his own wisdom closely and other mens from a distance(Zhang, 2011). Drawing from several researches and papers it can be said that it depi cts equality of men compared inequality. By considering the above mentioned cases the following inferences can be drawn:- George Smith Patton considered to follow a cognitive or situational leadership style apart from being very strong and stable in physical emotional and mental conditions, he had a powerful spiritual life. This indicates that, not only bodily strength and courage but mental and spiritual strength also played a desired vital roles in his case. Herzbergs Hygiene Theory while motivating he used to promise to his followers higher recognition, incentives, status and opportunity for improvement. Hertzberg Hygiene theory has two aspects one of which is health and another is hygiene. While hygiene cannot motivate an individual, but acts as basics on basis of which performance is conducted. Napoleon used to follow autocratic or strict authoritarian leadership style and Herzbergs Hygiene Theory while motivating could provide better recognition, status, incentives along with opportunities for development. An authoritarian leadership style is regarded as a way in which a leader dictates policies in accordance to set goals, while having a control over achieving and directing such activities. Authoritarian leaders set clear expectations as to what needs to be done and he allocates responsibilities and duties accordingly. There is a stringent control over authoritarian leaders by means of regulating duties, actions, methodologies and so on. There is a little creative nature associated with such leadership styles for decision making(Duignan, 2009). These types of leadership is out of style and is not followed now. They exert supervisions at all times and offer little help in discussing out of problems in situations. According to Thomas Hobbes on Lebanthian Prudence is merely an experience therefore men are expected to have an equal amount ofit within an equal time spent on stuff that they regularly apply themselves to. Autocratic leadership styles are much more effective than collaborative ones if the above cases are considered. They generally exercise downward control and one-way communication on their followers and subordinates. They intend to control discussion amongst followers and does not entertain relationship building amongst them, thus utilizing conflicts for individual gains. Reference Lists Brooks, J. S. (2016). Everything we know about educational leadership is wrong. . Questioning leadership: New directions for educational organizations. London: Routledge. De Vries, R. E.-P. (2010). Leadership= communication? The relations of leaders communication styles with leadership styles, knowledge sharing and leadership outcomes. Journal of businessand psychology, 367-380. Duignan, P. . (2009). Authenticity in leadership: An emerging perspective. Authenticity in leadership: An emerging perspective., 354-369. Freeman, R. E. (2011). Values, authenticity, and responsible leadership. Journal of Business Ethics, 15-23. Walumbwa, F. O. (2008). Authentic leadership: Development and validation of a theory-based measure. Journal of management, 89-126. Yukl, G. (2008). How leaders influence organizational effectiveness. The leadership quarterly, 708-722. Zhang, X. A. (2011). Linking transformational leadership and team performance: A conflict management approach. Journal of Management Studies, 1586-1611.